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In 1881, Alexander Graham Bell constructed one of the world’s first metal detectors in an attempt to find an assassin's bullet i

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

n President James Garfield. Fischer patented a portable version in 1931. From treasure hunting to security screening, metal dete

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

ctors are used in many a field.

Metal detectors are electronic devices that are used to find traces of metal usually from the g

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

ound, a person, or cargo. This metal could be anything from discarded pieces of aluminum to buried treasures. These devices can

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

penetrate sand, soil, wood and other non-metallic substances.

A basic metal detector consists of an electronic box and a batter

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

case on one end, with a handle for the operator's arm. There is a coil, which consists of an insulated wire around a telescopin

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

g shaft and into a round plastic disk. This disk comes off the shaft at an angle, which allows it to be held parallel to the gro

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

nd. The operator grips the electronic box and turns on the power to slowly sweep the coil end over the ground until an electroni

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

c signal is heard. This indicates the presence of some metallic element buried beneath the area swept by the coil.

Metal detect

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

rs work on the principal of electromagnetism and their effects on conductive metals. The high-powered coil of metal, called the

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

transmitter, uses the battery power to generate a penetrating magnetic field. As the electromagnetic field enters the ground, an

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

ything metallic will become charged with magnetism. When the receiver in the coil detects the electromagnetic signature, it send

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

a signal to the electronic box. A speaker amplifies this signal and the operator hears a beep. Microprocessors located in the e

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

lectronic box can actually measure the time between the charging and the receiving (called a phase shift) and determine which me

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

als may be present. This is how high-end metal detectors can be adjusted to only search for certain metals.

Metal detectors use

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

one of three technologies:

A beat frequency oscillator detector uses a coil as an inductor in an oscillator. When its frequenc

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

changes, so does its inductance. Another oscillator produces a close frequency, and audible beats between them signal metal.

A

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

n induction balance detector uses two coils that overlap each other. A sine wave is transmitted with one coil and received with

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

he other. The coils are adjusted so that there is no signal in the receiving coil when there is no metal nearby.

A pulse induct

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

ion detector generates pulses by cutting off an indicator. This pulse is sent through a coil and the detector listens for echoes

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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So many business consultants often say that they are tired of being right all the time and wish that their clients or business associates would listen. They get upset and admit that millions of dollars were wasted because they just did not listen. One top-notched consultant from PA mentioned this to me not long ago. Indeed, as a semi-retired consultant, I must agree with her.

Channels of distribution are the most powerful element when talking about order fulfillment. The main function of this element is to find out appropriate ways through which goods are made available to the market. It is a managerial function and hence proper decisions are to be taken in this matter before commercial production begins.

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Useful Advices - How Do Metal Detectors Work?

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